Role of Public-Private Partnerships in Enhancing Tourism Development and Conservation Efforts in National Parks in Zimbabwe: Insights from Gonarezhou National Park

Abstract

Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) have gained traction as innovative management strategies for national parks globally, yet their role in Africa, particularly within Zimbabwe's Gonarezhou National Park, remains underexplored. This study investigates the impact of PPPs on tourism 
development and conservation efforts in Gonarezhou National Park.  The study used a qualitative methodology. The study conducted 20 in-depth interviews. The participants were purposively selected. Thematic analysis was employed to evaluate generated data, revealing significant findings. Results indicated that PPPs have substantially improved infrastructure, 
financial support, and specialized skills within the park, leading to enhanced visitor experiences and increased wildlife conservation effectiveness. Despite these advancements, challenges that that continue to exist hinder the full realization of PPP benefits including economic instability, insufficient stakeholder consultation, and conflicting management objectives. Recommendations included fostering inclusive stakeholder engagement, addressing economic barriers, and developing adaptive management frameworks that align diverse conservation goals.